Sunday, December 21, 2025

19th Century Iron implements: By G.C. Stevens

  

An awesome example of a 19th century circular gridiron This particular gridiron is in the collection of antiquarian Patrick Meguiar. Photo permission of Patrick Meguiar

G.C. Stevens
During my many years of reenacting and visiting historic sites all over the country. Among of the most prominent things that bring back memories of those days is the smell of a campfire and the singing hammers of the Black Smiths who followed the trail of history to educate people, and to sell their wares. My fond memories of these days ever prompted me to write a poem about it. 
Blacksmith
"Somewhere in the distance on a clear summer evening
I hear the clanging of the hammer, a heartbeat of steel on steel.
Against the anvil it crashes a man with a task, The sweat upon his brow, 
Molding solid iron, to form and function. Without him, the wagon would never roll. 
Without him, the nation would have no soul. From the plow,
to the iron on the stove, the strong arms would hammer the incessant song of the steel hammer,
To pound the mettle that would cross the prairie, on the trail of a great endeavor."
-G.C. Stevens 
Blacksmiths crafted and repaired these wrought and cast iron items, including horseshoes, hinges, and machinery parts, using forges, anvils, and hammers, In the 19th century, blacksmiths were indispensable members of rural and frontier communities. They are often romanticized in works like Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's poem "The Village Blacksmith." And have parts in many western movies and western T.V. Series. Black smiths were and are still, skilled craftsmen who forge essential iron tools, hardware, and implements by hand. They shaped the tools and equipment of the nation, long before widespread industrialization. The blacksmith's day was made up of intense physical labor in a dimly lit, and hot shops filled with the roar of the coal-fired forge. The familiar rhythmic clanging of hammer on anvil, and clouds of smoke were part of the American landscape. They used bellows (later replaced by rotary fans) to heat iron to glowing red-hot, they employed techniques like forging, welding, and tempering on heavy anvils with various hammers, tongs, and vises. They crafted and repaired horseshoes, plowshares, axes, wagon parts, nails, hinges, and household items, serving farmers, travelers, and households. Apprentices learned the trade through years of hands-on work, often starting as boys.

Types of Implements
• Agriculture: Iron plows (like the famous Deere plow), reapers, mowers, hay rakes, and hoes.
• Household: Pots, skillets, stoves, candlesticks, irons (including specialized goffering irons for fabric), and shears.
• Tools: Hammers, chisels, saws, shovels, rakes, files, knives, swages, cutters, and pokers.
• Construction/Industry: Iron for building components, wagon wheels, and parts for early machinery. 
About the gridiron in the photo above
'This gridiron came from a Doctor in Murfreesboro which is Rutherford County. That Doctor bought local items. So it most likely from there or an adjacent County. He had several early iron items from Davidson County or the Nashville area. I have had at least one other rotary gridiron that was like this one that was found under the floor in an early house in Middle Tennessee. This Doctor is a big collector of local early items, but exactly what Middle Tennessee County is not known to me, however around the Nashville, Tennessee area is very likely to be where it was made."
-Patrick Meguiar

Thursday, December 18, 2025

The Great Explosion at Cripple Creek Colorado From the Cripple Creek District Museum



The following was originally published on the Cripple Creek District Museum and Information Canter facebook page. They gave permission to repost the article here.

  On the June 30, 1899 edition of The Victor Record was an article telling of the upcoming July 4th festivities. One of the events planned was an artificial Earthquake.  According to various articles, five tons of dynamite were stored in different shafts near the summit of Big Bull Mountain. These shafts had been made especially for the occasion. Sound waves took 6-8 seconds to reach Victor after the eruptions became visible to the crowd. The concussion east & south of Big Bull Mountain were more severe than to the west and north. Shock waves were felt in Pueblo and Colorado Springs. Newspapers as far away as Germany wrote about "The Earthquake".

Search Colorado Historic Newspapers to read all the articles in The Victor Record.





Buckskinner Mountain Man Trade Fair March 20-22 2026 Boone Iowa


 Smoky Ridge Muzzleloaders

Wednesday, December 17, 2025

Cripple Creek Colorado & The Victorian Mindset: By Dan Oelrich, edited by G.C. Stevens

                         

 All photos courtesy of Dan Oelrich, but many are to be found at Western Mining History Which is a website that well worth a visit.
Photo Essay
This is the first in series of photo essays, created by Dan Oelrich who is local historian from Colorado Springs Colorado. He is a regular contributor to the CSL&OHA blog. Many trails of the wild west trails lead to Cripple Creek Co. where the lure of gold and profit attracted many adventurer's and outlaws.  According to local Historian Dan Oelrich: The area "was certainly a most colorful era in our region and was jampacked with activity around the turn of the century. At one time or another, luminaries such as Groucho Marks, Wyatt and Virgil Earp, Bob Lee and the Sundance Kid, Teddy Roosevelt, William Jennings Bryant, world heavyweight, champion boxers – Jack Johnson and Jack Dempsey-all made their marks there. It might be very difficult, but perhaps possible to uncover ties to outlaws and the continued confederacy in the west. For sure there were entire mining companies that felt strong allegiances still. Bob Ford, the man who shot Jesse James almost made it into town, before being greeted by lawmen, who pushed him on to Creede, where he would meet his demise. For a while, he was a dealer in old Colorado City-which was to become the west side of Colorado Springs." A bit of a warning though – there have been many people, myself included, who become infected with the “Cripple Creek” bug, and obsession can easily set in.
 THE VICTORIAN PERIOD
Mark Twain's "Great Barbecue"
These photos will show you how obsessed with “perfect” architecture the Victorians were. First photo is the Gold Coin Mine, which bordered downtown Victor. It had a spotlight in the Observation Tower, above the enclosed head frame. Many miners didn’t like working here because they felt like it was a church.  (Because of the many stained-glass windows!) The Woods family founded Victor. While digging foundations for their new Bank, they encountered this vein. They tried to create a mining Monopoly and insisted on sparing no expense to impress investors. (I have to mention that they were very good to employees. Benevolent, like the more famous area millionaire-W.S. Stratton) So they created an electric Trolley line through the Mountain to transport Ore to their impressive Economic Mill. (I played at these ruins in my youth. I thought it must have been an old Spanish Fort! Newmont, buried this Site long ago under their pit mine.)




Second photo is of the Hoist house. Stratton spared no expense to make his employees feel classy. (Compare to the earlier horse-drawn Hoist. Notice the rather formal clothing for these miners. Victorian stylistic norms trumps functionality!)



Stratton’s Independence Mine, (just outside Victor), had this Mill, right on the grounds. Now, it’s a rather Apocalyptic scene today, of concrete foundations.




This is the Woods owned power station down from Skaguay Reservoir. One family lived here and operated the Plant. Only accessible via harrowing Mule trail. People and supplies used a tram to reach the bottom of the Canyon. This lavish brick design looks more in place in downtown Victor, than in a place where almost no one will ever see it. And this facility was only used a short time, as power from Canon City became cheap. This kind of exuberant spending did the Woods in. (Rags to Riches, to Rags) I can think of no better example of this Victorian insistence on architectural style for its own sake.

Tuesday, December 16, 2025

Monday, December 15, 2025

Patrick Meguiar Talks About Jesse James Photo and Deception: By G.C. Stevens

 


Patrick Meguiar: Tells us of an incident where a detective encounters Jesse James, this incident is talked about in Ted Yeatman's book on Jesse James.

The Story of Yankee Bligh: Delos Thurman Bligh, better known as "Yankee Bligh" was born in Franklin, New York on March 19th, 1823. Bligh worked as a laborer, and bricklayer, but eventually became a night watchman. During the Mexican war he served with the Louisville Legion and was wounded in service with Zachary Taylor's army in northern Mexico. He returned to Louisville and by 1858 was a member of the cities "day watch" a forerunner of the Louisville Police force. When a formal police force was established in 1861, Bligh became one of its first members. 

Detective Bligh

Bligh specialized in investigating con artists and forgers and bagged a number of these criminals during his early years on the police force. Bligh had his first encounter with Missouri outlaws in 1868 in the Russellville bank robbery and was responsible for the capture of outlaw George Shepherd. In 1870 Bligh was made Chief of Detectives in Louisville and established a reputation after arresting J.M. McDonald for three-million-dollar forgery. On August 31st of the same year. Jesse James wife Zee had given birth to Jesse Edward James. Jesse, Zee and the baby moved in November, and they relocated to Baltimore, Maryland. It was probably during this move that Bligh came into contact with a bearded man at the Jeffersonville, Madison and Indianapolis Railroad depot at fourteenth and Main in Louisville. In one account the stranger recognized Bligh, and the stranger claimed to be a tombstone salesman and asked Bligh if he was still pursuing the James brothers? Bligh replied that "yes he was indeed." a few days later, Bligh received a post card from Indianapolis or Baltimore (different versions cite different cities) signed by Jesse James and expressing regret at not having revealed his identity at the depot.                            -Ted Yeatman Frank and Jesse James

Patrick Meguiar on the Bligh / James incident:

To prove my point that there is evidence in plain view that Jesse Woodson James used pictures of other men to conceal his true identity is found in Ted P. Yeatman's book. Ted P. Yeatman in his book on page 161, Frank James And Jesse James The Story Behind The Legend cites a story that took place in a Louisville Depot. Yeatman states that Delos T. "Yankee" Bligh, a Louisville Police Detective was approached by a man claiming to be a tombstone salesman who by one account recognized Detective Bligh asked Bligh if he was "still after the James brothers". Bligh said indeed he was in their pursuit. Days later, Bligh received a postcard stating that Bligh had said he would be ready to die whenever he saw Jesse James and Jesse wrote in that postcard you can go ahead and die because you saw Jesse James, the man who claimed to be a tombstone salesman at the Depot in Louisville. 


Why didn't Bligh recognize Jesse Woodson James when he was approached by him? Is it possible that Bligh had seen pictures that he was told that were of Jesse James that made him believe Jesse James looked different than the man he spoke with at the Depot? Bligh was a Louisville, Kentucky Police Detective who was hired by the Pinkerton National Detective Agency to capture or kill Jesse Woodson James should have known exactly how Jesse Woodson James looked if he had seen a real picture of Jesse Woodson James, but he obviously failed to recognize him at a Louisville, Kentucky Depot! 

The greater question is why was Jesse James so confident that Bligh would not recognize him? Jesse James clearly wanted to approach Bligh to taunt him for sure, but he clearly didn't disguise himself that would have called attention to himself in the presence of a Police Detective like Delos T. Bligh. There is obviously a reason why Jesse Woodson James would not be recognized and it goes much further than his using alias names to conceal his true identity! He obviously used pictures of other men to conceal his identity as well!

If that isn't proof enough that Jesse Woodson James used pictures of other men to conceal his true identity just as he did by using alias names to satisfy the majority of people, GOD forbid that anyone not convinced ever be on a jury!

Patrick Meguiar is a well known antiquarian and collector from Portland Tennessee. Patrick is the keeper of his  families photographic collection which consists of hundreds of photos that date from 1855 - 1920's. The photo consists of multiple formats including Daguerreotype's, ambrotype's and modern film formats 

I have several boxes, I have my 4th great grandfather's daguerrotype. Ambrotypes of my 3rd great grandfather Meguiar and his 2nd wife. The ambrotype of Jesse Woodson James. Tintypes of my great-grandparents and several uncles and aunts. I have CDV's and cabinet cards. I have given some of them away, but I have hundreds of them still. -Patrick Meguiar

Tuesday, December 9, 2025

Photo Investigation; Cantey Collection, The James Gang in Tipton Missouri; By G.C.Stevens

 

                                             
           Photo from the Gunfighters by Lea F. McCarty

The following is information was compiled by the author and gives some information about a photo from the Cantey Meyers Collection, (photos permission of Emory Cantey) though not exact, the investigation points to evidence to suggest that Jesse James and company might have been in the area of Tipton Missouri when the photo was taken.

Rocky Cut Robbery
On the evening of July 7, 1876, eight members of the gang captured the night guard at Rocky Cut and used his lantern to flag down a train. Once stopped, the gang boarded the train, robbed both safes, then disappeared into the night. Not far from there, the gang stopped to split up the money before riding off in separate directions. Today, that location is marked by a stone in a roadside park just east of Otterville Missouri James Gang Railroad Robbery - Otterville, MO - News Article Locations on Waymarking.com


                              
Tipton Missouri is 14 miles from Otterville Missouri. Could the photo below have been taken before or after the Rocky Cut Robbery? It's worth noting that the men in the mystery photo, are clothed only in their vests and shirts. A good Indication that the temperature was quite warm on the day that this photo was taken.                                                                                                                                                    


This "controversial image" is from the Cantey Meyers collection and is purported to be of Frank James, Tom Sparks, Bob Younger, Cole Younger and Jesse W. James at the Tipton Train Depot during the 1870's. A basic search of the internet revealed some possible photos of the depot. But further investigation is needed.                                                                                                                                                          
                       Said to be (Left to right) Frank James, Tom Sparks, Bob Younger, 
                            Cole Younger and Jesse James Photo said to be from 
                                     the Grand Daughter of Tom Sparks

THE ROCKY CUT TRAIN ROBBERY.

"Seven months elapsed after the Muncie robbery before the desperate brigands, under the leadership of Jesse James, made another attempt to increase
[Pg 88]
 their ill-gotten gains. But in the meantime the band of highwaymen was increasing and organizing for another bold stroke. Many outlaws who had found safety in the Indian Nation were anxious to attach themselves to the James and Younger brothers, but very few were received. The noted bandits were excellent judges of human nature, and they were exceedingly careful not to repose confidence in any one who did not possess indisputable evidence of cunning and bravery; men who, in the event of capture, would not betray their comrades at any sacrifice. In July, 1876, arrangements were completed for rifling another treasure-laden train and the Missouri Pacific Railroad was chosen as the line for their operations.

About one mile east of Otterville, a small station in Pittis county, is a place called Rocky Cut, which is a deep stone cleft, from which the train emerges only to strike the bridge across Otter creek. On the

[Pg 89]

 south side of the cut is a heavy wood, and in this the robbers concealed themselves to await the train which was not due there until nearly midnight. A watchman was stationed at the bridge, whom Charlie Pitts and Bob Younger arrested and, after taking his signal lantern and placing it in the track at the bridge approach, they securely tied the helpless fellow and then joined the main party. Hobbs Kerry and Bill Chadwell were detailed to watch the horses and keep them prepared for sudden flight.

As the train came dashing through the cut the engineer saw the danger signal and at once concluded something was wrong with the bridge, and he lost no time in having the brakes set and the engine reversed. The train came to a stop directly in the cut, and as it slowed up seven of the dare-devils leaped upon the cars and with one at each door, the robbers had no trouble in so intimidating the passengers as to prevent attack. Jesse James, the boldest of the bold, was the first to enter the express car, followed by Cole Younger. At the mouth of two heavy navy pistols the messenger was forced to open the safe, which contained fifteen thousand dollars in bank notes. This money was hastily thrown into a sack, and the shrill whistle was given by Jesse, which was the signal for the bandits to leave the train and mount. No effort was made to rob or harm any of the passengers, the single purpose of the bandits, agreed upon before the attack, was to secure only the valuables of the express.

[Pg 90]

When the train reached Tipton, report of the robbery was telegraphed to every station along the line, and also to St. Louis and Kansas City, and from these points all over the country."

-From The Border Bandits by J.W. Buel

Thursday, October 1, 1885

"The Clarksburg (Ohio) Sun has published a long statement to the effect that Jesse James had been seen in that city by parties who were personally acquainted with him during the war. They claim that the corpse buried on the Samuels’ farm was not Jesse James, but that the Fords were induced to kill a substitute. The whole affair reads like fiction, and the average Missourian will be loathe to believe that the outlaw, Jesse James, has not been in his grave the past three years. The fact that these old friends, who recognized him, did not have the courage to step up and speak to him, is evident proof that their reputed recognition was deceptive and that the job put up on the reporter was a signal success."

-Compiled by Becky Holloway "A Glance at The Past"

From the James Birthplace Museum

In late April 1884 Tipton, Missouri gave a “grand demonstration & rousing reception” to Frank James, his wife & son, who arrived by train accompanied by Sheriff Rogers of Cooper County, MO. A Tipton Times reporter noted that Frank, although “very weary from long travel was very kind & polite, answering questions with an obliging courtesy.” The family & sheriff then checked in at The Tipton House for an overnight stay.

-Jesse James Birthplace Museum




                            

                                               

                               

For a town which had been surveyed only a few months earlier, Tipton, Missouri, began life with a creditable little bang on October 9, 1858. That was the day the first Overland Mail stage arrived, twenty-three days and four hours out of San Francisco—a day that marked the beginning of regular mail service across the continent. Tipton was 160 miles west of St. Louis at the end of the Pacific Railroad, and from this tiny dot on the map, mail and passengers from the West were put aboard the trains to St. Louis, Cincinnati, and New York, completing a transcontinental journey in approximately four weeks. What had once been a fantastic dream was now a reality, and the occasion did not go unnoticed in the press -https://www.americanheritage.com/great-days-overland-stage

The first train arrived in Tipton on July 26, 1858. By September, Tipton was the western terminus of the Butterfield Overland Mail Stage to San Francisco. Population quickly grew and Tipton became the site for hotels, livery stables, grocery stores, dry goods stores, a restaurant and saloons. - https://tiptonmo.org/history/

An aerial photo of Tipton Missouri    

Railroad history fans celebrate this month about not only Missouri but the small town of Tipton and their role in our national intercontinental railroad system.

On this date, July 26th: “......1858 the Pacific Railroad was completed at Tipton, Missouri.” What does the Pacific Railroad have to do with Missouri? Everything, because these were the last 160 miles of the Pacific Railroad coming from St. Louis making Tipton the “end of the line" in western Missouri. Tipton had also emerged as the eastern terminus of the Overland U.S. mail by stagecoach from San Francisco. For a time, both mail and passengers transferred from stagecoach to the Pacific Railroad at Tipton for the run to St. Louis by rail. The Pacific Railroad was the former company that became the Missouri Pacific Railroad. Ground was broken in 1851 and the first section of track, the first five miles, completed in 1852. But St. Louis investors began completing their vision of not only the first railroad west of the Mississippi, but also one that would extend all the way to the Pacic Ocean. The company was reorganized by 1872 as the Missouri Pacific Railroad, also known as the MoPac.

The legacies that the MoPac has left in national shipping is extensive. These include being rail for the Amtrak passenger route between Kansas City and St. Louis. Notable investors and engineers are important namesakes. John O’Fallon was an investor in the 1850 partnership, and is the namesake for both O’Fallon, Illinois and O’Fallon, Missouri. In addition, James P. Kirkwood, was a renowned engineer for the MoPac and is the namesake for Kirkwood, Missouri.

-Missouri State Museum

 Facebook link





Photo courtesy of HMdb.org 
THE HISTORICAL
MARKER DATABASE




Monday, December 8, 2025

Mark Twain's Home in Kodachrome: By G.C. Stevens

 

Samuel L. Clemens
Pen Name "Mark Twain" (Two Fathoms)
Drawing from the Authors Collection
Mark Twain 1835- 1910, writer, lecturer and western intellectual. Who's works were central to the American civil war and western history, was an exceptionally popular author, who's reputation is still highly regarded today. He wrote travel books, an autobiography and novels. His most famous novels "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and the Adventures of Huckleberry Fin"(1884), both which were based upon his life along the Mississippi River in Hannibal Missouri.  Has been remembered and memorialized in many ways. His writings are still available, the internet has many webpages dedicated to Mark Twain, and many movies have made about him, his characters and many parallel characterizations in 20th and 21st centuries have appeared. These adaptations have been created for our entertainment.  Below you will find a series of promotional business sized cards, that were probably sold in local gifts shops, no doubt somewhere along the Great River Road, on the Mississippi River. A body of water which Abraham Lincoln once called the "Father of All Waters." These small business sized cards were created from photos credited to John Winkler and Kenneth Botkin. Not much is known about either of these men. Though some clues were found online. Kenneth Botkins. is probably the photographer, Kenneth C. Botkins of Hannibal Missouri (see Find a Grave)   .  Much less is known about John Winkler and no substantial information appeared online about him. The photos on the  cards were taken using various film types including Kodachrome, Ektachrome and Anscochrome colors. Kodchrome is known for it's rich warm tones and ultra fine grain. This film was great archival film because of its stability and can last over one hundred years, with minimal fading. Ekadachrome, while it had vivid colors and faster processing, is less stable and can fade over time, especially towards blue of magenta. Anscochrome was introduced in the 1950's and was generally used in 16mm by both amateur and professional photographers alike. The cards in this collection are in exceptionally good condition and tell a lot of Mark Twain's home in Hannibal Missouri. Each is accompanies by its description below. Which is located on each card, in the same way that an RPPC post card would display it.























The original package which contained the cards


19th Century Iron implements: By G.C. Stevens

   An awesome example of a 19th century circular gridiron  This particular gridiron is in the collection of antiquarian Patrick Meguiar. Pho...

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