Showing posts with label Historic Photos. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Historic Photos. Show all posts

Tuesday, August 18, 2026

Frontier Photographers Robinson Brother's and Stromsten; Photos, Ladies in Frontier Iowa



From the research archives of the Central States Lawman & Outlaws Historic Assn. Three unidentified cabinet card photos of women of frontier Iowa, probably taken sometimes during the 1890's. The frontier photographers who took these photographs are listed in the book Biographies of Western Photographers, by Carl Mautz. All of these photos are in mint condition, and a perfect example of professionally done photos of the time period. 

Robinson Brothers Photographic Artists                              



 
Stromsten Photographic Artist 




A listing appears in Biographies of Western Photographers:
The spelling of Stronsten may be an error, Allerton Iowa is a
short distance from Corydon Iowa. It's highly probable that this
is referring to Sophia Stromsten.


Both Sophia and her son J.M Stromsten are listed on 
find a grave, 
J.M. Stromsten's obituary tells us that he was a photographer. Both are buried in Corydon Iowa, where the Stromsten photo originated from.


 List of 19th Century Photographers, this list is another reference





Thursday, August 13, 2026

19th Century Photographic Resources: By G.C. Stevens

 


Biographies of Western Photographers by Carl Mautz, is a highly detailed exhaustive document / listing of frontier photographers of the 19th century. It is 604 pages and belongs in the library of people who are serious researchers.

I have been collecting cart de visite's, tintypes, ambrotypes and RPPCs for over 30 years. In recent years, I've had the unique pleasure of investigating, identifying and connecting antique photos to their home locations and donating them to their respective state historic societies. I've also been able to identify other photos of people and updated their grave profiles on Find a Grave. This aspect has added to my genealogical pursuits and helped me to sharpen my research skills and to develop an eye for the backstory on many photos that have come into my possession.  It is, however, not an exact science, and it sometimes requires the hunch of a gumshoe. It's also an endeavor which requires some financial investment, though there are many free resources available. For those interested in early American frontier photographers like me, should pick up a copy of the book "Biographies of Frontier Photographers" by Carl Mautz. This publication is a 604-page exhaustive document with the names and locations of hundreds of frontier photographers. I've also listed some resources here, this is by no means an exhaustive list and true photo investigations sometimes take a state by state, county by county search for documentation and it may also require finding family members that are connected to the photos. It's worth noting, as a warning, that photo investigations can also have a controversial, and emotional edge when it comes to family members and protective owners who assume control of certain photos that come into their possession. In my personal experiences, and I have encounter many, emotions can run high in this area, and sometimes reactions include, hostility, protectionism, rejection and even threats. But for me, it's still worth those pitfalls when it comes to revealing the stories that old photos can tell.

 

(I corrected Morgan Earps photo on Find a Grave)

(Article on this blog)

(Articles on this blog about my photo investigations)

(My studio)

RESOURCES

(Great resource)

(Requires a subscription)

(Good listing, very basic)

(A time- honored resource for genealogists)

(Dealer of antique photos)


GOVERNMENT AND MILITARY RESOURCES

(Military Photos)


(Upper Mississippi collection)


GLOSSARY OF PHOTO PROCESSES 
​ALBUMEN PRINT
Positive photographic print made on paper coated with eggwhite and salt solution which is sensitized with silver nitrate solution. Prints were made by exposing the paper to sunlight through a negative.
​AMBROTYPE
A glass collodion positive patented in the United States in 1854 by James Cutting.
​CABINET CARD
Essentially a larger (4 1/2" x 6 1/2") version of the carte-de-visite, this popular format supplanted the carte-de-visite by the late 1870s, although the first cabinet card photographs appeared in 1866 in England. Primarily a medium for portraiture, the cabinet card dominated commercial photography until the turn-of-the-century.
​CALOTYPE (also called TALBOTYPE)
The first successful negative/positive process invented by William Henry Fox Talbot and patented by him in 1841. This process entailed exposing paper sensitized with potassium iodide and silver nitrate in a camera and developing the negative in gallic acid and silver nitrate. Prints were made by the contact method in daylight on paper sensitized with salt and silver nitrate.
​CARBON PRINT
Prints produced by exposing a negative against a pigmented gelatin tissue sensitized with potassium bichromate. The surface of the tissue hardens in relation to the amount of light received and when washed, leaves a positive image which is permanent.
​CARTE-DE-VISITE
A format developed by Disderi in Paris and patented in 1854 consisting of a 2 1/2" by 4 1/2" mounted photographic print. The primary format for portraiture from the beginning of the Civil War to the late 1870s, the carte-de-visite is referred to often as "cdv" by collectors today. The format continued to be made up to the turn-of-the-century, but was eclipsed in popularity by the larger cabinet card.
​COLLODION PROCESS
A process for making negatives involving a glass plate coated with a light sensitive emulsion of gun cotton dissolved in alcohol and ether and mixed with potassium iodide and potassium bromide. Also known as the wet plate collodion process.
​CYANOTYPE
A print made with a paper impregnated with iron salts and potassium ferricyanide, creating an image where the darks are blue. Popular paper from the 1890s to WWI.
​DAGUERREOTYPE
The first practical photographic process introduced in Paris in 1839 by one of it's inventors, Louis Jaques Mande' Daguerre. The process required a silver coated copper plate which was sensitized with vapors of iodine and developed in mercury fumes after exposure in a camera. The images produced were one-of-a-kind and often beautiful although reflective like a mirror. Being very delicate to touch or the atmosphere, they were sealed and encased in glass, brass mat and leather case.
​DRY PLATE
The successor to the wet plate collodion process, dry plates were glass sheets coated with silver halides suspended in gelatin. These pre-prepared negative plates supplanted the wet plate process by the 1880s.
​FERROTYPE (also TINTYPE or MELAINOTYPE)
A positive photographic image appearing on a thin sheet of varnished iron which has been sensitized with collodion. A very popular format which competed with the carte-de-visite from the late 1850s through the 1870s, finally becoming a novelty format in use at fairs and amusement parks to the 1930s.
​POSTCARD
The photographic postcard became common just after the turn of the century. Beginning in 1902, Eastman Kodak and other manufacturers marketed postcard format photographic paper that was sensitive enough to print under artificial light. This simplified the process of printing photographic negatives and further encouraged both amateur and commercial production of photographic postcards. It was the widespread use of the postcard format in the hands of both professionals and amateurs that continued the visual recording of culture begun by stereoviews.
​STEREOVIEW (also STEREOGRAPH)
A pair of views taken at slightly different angles and mounted side by side. Viewed separately by each eye in a stereoviewer, the two images merge to create the illusion of three dimensions. This format was used early in the daguerreotype era and increased in popularity when paper prints became the standard, eventually becoming an item of amusement in virtually every household in America. It is through this format that 19th century culture can be visually witnessed.






Thursday, July 16, 2026

The Michigan Cabinet Card, Identified Photo By G.C. Stevens


Fred Reader: 
 Returned to Mason County Michigan:  
Genealogy, Genealogical Databases, Forensics 
&
  Social Media Walk Hand in Hand.
I love old photos and old documents. I've been collecting these items for over twenty-five years, and my house is full of genealogical family records. Each document and each photo has its own story to tell. Some old photos, particularly cabinet cards and Carte de Visite photos, in many cases (not all) automatically tell part of their story about which city they came from and who took the photograph. This is because many of the photo galleries of the day, used their photos for advertising and calling cards. These types of photos were printed on albumen paper and carried the name of the photographer and location printed somewhere on the card. Adding to this, many of these cards that found their way onto auction websites like eBay, and/or landing in antique malls, carry the names the families who owned these cards. We know this because they wrote information on them, in the way of the identities (or suspected identities) of former family members / ancestors. As I was shopping in an antique mall one day, I saw a small wooden crate of old photos with a sign on the side of the box that read: "Instant Ancestors." I think that particular dealer (who probably did that as a pun) said more that he or she knew. But its foregone conclusion that the photos in that box (or on eBay) were and are in fact someone's relative or ancestor. And with all due respect, in 95% of the photos that I've seen or possessed, the images on each card, ambrotype, cart etc. display images of people who were well dressed and well groomed. I think it's good assumption that theses well rounded people of this time period, intended to preserve their family history through the photographic medium. That being said, photography wasn't free, though it became cheaper as each new technology came along. Then the computer and the internet came along and changed the whole game.

                                               
      THE MICHIGAN PHOTO
                            

“Technology has been deployed to help speed processes that used to take years. Sophisticated online databases, facial recognition applications, and link analysis tools have allowed us to become interconnected across continents, bridging gaps between long lost families, spurred commerce, and have enriched the lives of countless people. As long as people use technology responsibly, the possibilities for the continued enrichment of our lives is an interesting prospect indeed.” 
-Michael Streed  
Retired Polce Sergeant and Forensic Facial Imaging Consultant


                  
                     
                 The name was written on the back of this photo in blue pen.
                        I obviously realized this inscription was modern     

Every single day, auction houses, and online auction websites are alive with people selling and purchasing these old-time images, I know this because I am one of them and I have found that it's not an obscure thing to find a photo of place or person that can be identified. The identification of the Fred Reader photo is one example of many such cases where identification was made possible, not just because someone made a notation on photo. And the fact is, there are many photos with these notations and newer technologies have evened the playing field. The tech that has emerged over the last twenty years, such as intuitive websites like Ancestry.com, facial forensic technologies, artificial intelligence and traditional genealogical state by state, county by county searches which have become easier in recent years due computer technology being readily available to all archivists all over the world. And it these types of technologies that made it possible to quickly and efficiently track down the origin of the Fred Reader photo.

THE INVESTIGATION
The Fred Reader photo was purchased on Ebay from a dealer in Marietta Georgia. The photo was part of a large lot of twenty photos, there was no initial provenance connected to this photo. I did not question the dealer about them, because as a general rule, most dealers purchase these photos in groups and rarely have any background on them. When I received the lot, I was pleasantly surprised to find out that many of the photos, which was a mix of cabinets cards and tintypes, were well annotated. The Fred Reader photo also had a notation on it, but it was different because it was written in what appeared to be blue ballpoint pen. I almost disregarded this note because, I was immediately guarded, and blue ball point pens did not become popular until the 1960's in the United States. But I decided to check the name and photo gallery location anyway. The photos next clue was that the photographers name: "Carson and Graham" and the location "Hillsdale Michigan" was printed on the back of the card. I knew that my next move was simple, and that was to query Ancestry.com. That query yielded immediate results. As it turns out the Reader family, particularly Fred Reader had a significant connection to Mason County Michigan, and more importantly to Scottville Michigan, a town which legend says was founded by Georger Reader in a legendary coin toss: 

"The story of how Scottville got its name is part of local lore, the result of a coin toss between two businessmen due to a scandal. The story is told on an official State of Michigan historical marker in downtown Scottville and has been told in many historical accounts over the years. In the late 1870s, scandal struck the little town of Sweetland, located in the center of Mason County. The town’s namesake, James Sweetland, had apparently left his wife, Annett, while she was pregnant with twin daughters. He supposedly left town with a Native American woman. The townsfolk were so distraught about this they called a meeting and determined the name of the town should be changed. This task fell on business owner Hiram Scott and his colleague, George Reader, who flipped a coin resulting in Scott winning and naming the town after himself: Scottville.
At least, that’s how the story goes."
-Rob Alway, Editor-in-Chief
  Mason County Press

I then posted the photo on the Scottville History Facebook page, and members of the Reader family confirmed that the photo was connected to their line. I then reached out to the Mason County Historic Society and emailed Rebecca Berringer Executive Director and Amber Valentine Collections Manager and they advised that they were indeed interested in the photo. 

Definition of Forensic Genealogy
Forensic genealogy is the application of genealogical research, analysis, and reporting in legal or investigative contexts, often involving living individuals or unresolved legal matters International Society of Genetic Genealogy. It is a professional discipline that combines traditional genealogical methods with legal standards and, increasingly, with DNA analysis to produce evidence that can be used in court or other formal proceedings.
Core Legal and Investigative Uses
Forensic genealogists may be engaged in: Probate and estate cases to identify unknown or missing heirs, beneficiaries, or remainders men International Society of Genetic Genealogy.
Military repatriation to reunite service members’ remains with families using DNA profiling International Society of Genetic Genealogy.
Kinship determination in adoption, foster care, guardianship, and citizenship cases International Society of Genetic Genealogy. Land and real estate disputes involving title, adverse possession, mineral rights, and unclaimed property International Society of Genetic Genealogy. Coroner’s cases to identify relatives of unclaimed remains International Society of Genetic Genealogy. Cold case investigations to generate leads in unsolved crimes, including homicides and sexual assaults biologyinsights.com. Provenance and intellectual property claims International Society of Genetic Genealogy.

G.C. Stevens
Editor   
 


Friday, July 10, 2026

Dusty Trails of the Old West Events Schedule

 



Traveling Artist & Writer
Come Visit the Photo Gallery at the listed living history events

Dusty Trails Books will be attending the Adair Iowa Market and Crafts

2026 Event Schedule: Photo Gallery and Book Signings
  • July 25th Zearing Iowa: 19th Century Photo Gallery

  •   Aug 16th Adair Iowa: Craft / Market             
4-6 pm
Aug 30th Adair Iowa Craft/ Market 
4-6 pm
  • Sep 5th & 6th Madrid Iowa 19th Century Photo Gallery

  • Sep 20th Adair Iowa Craft / Market
 4-6pm
  • Oct 4th Adair Iowa Craft / Market
 4-6pm 
  • Oct 10th and 11th Winterset Iowa: 19th Century Photo Gallery

250 YEARS OF AMERICAN HISTORY







   





Wednesday, July 8, 2026

Every Day Life, Everyday People & Humor: By G.C. Stevens

 

Not Jesse James 
(To prove a point)
T.J. Sellers?  
Photo from the authors. collection 
  
The soft youthful glow of this young man's face jumped out at me as
 I looked through a new group of Carte devisite's that I had recently purchased.The photo also had a possible name written on the back, TJ(?) M Sellers, apparently of Versailles Kentucky. The photographer's studio name and location is also on the back of this photo: "S.C. Williams Photograher" 56 E. Main St. Lexington, Ky. It's worth noting that Lexington and Versailles are approximately thirteen miles from each other. But my efforts to find out more about him, lead me in different direction.



"So far as the population of the city, the immediate environs are concerned, they were as orderly and law-abiding as any community of equal size anywhere."
-John Clum Mayor of Tombstone Az giving the everyday citizens their due respect.

The pursuit of history in our modern world is heavily driven by popularity, controversy and sometime criminal behavior. As I writer, I also find myself caught up in the grinding perceived seriousness of the many historic topics that I write about here. But as I pour over old news articles online or sift through old photos in wooden boxes in antique malls, I am reminded that there is and was a world occupied by normal everyday people. And the soft face of young Mr. Sellers reminded me of that fact. When I started digging around about information about this particular young man, I came upon a series of humorous short blurbs about photographers in the Lexington Bluegrass Blade between 1891 and 1910. And I found out something I did not realize, and that was that people of the day seemed to view photographers, much in the same way that they viewed barbers, and the barber shops of that time was always a place of local gossip and humor. 

There were a number of photographers who set up shop 
on Main Street in Lexington Kentucky this is just one ad of many.

I had to look this one up! An Octocyon is a bat eared fox. 
I have not determined what the term dig-dig refers too.

I'm sure there's a hidden story here


Could this be a veiled ad for postmortem services?

Good people skills were essential for photographers 



















Sunday, June 21, 2026

G C. Stevens U.S. Photographer

 



RECREATING EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY 
FROM THE LATE
 1800'S TO THE
 EARLY 20TH CENTURY



(right click to copy email)







 I utilize both vintage cameras and digital to recreate old time photos. I have also developed a technique for recreating cabinet cards.











My cameras: A No. 2 Kodak Brownie, an Imperial SIX-TWENTY & A No. 2 folding Premo.



















Tuesday, December 9, 2025

Photo Investigation; Cantey Collection, The James Gang in Tipton Missouri; By G.C.Stevens

 

                                             
           Photo from the Gunfighters by Lea F. McCarty

The following is information was compiled by the author and gives some information about a photo from the Cantey Meyers Collection, (photos permission of Emory Cantey) though not exact, the investigation points to evidence to suggest that Jesse James and company might have been in the area of Tipton Missouri when the photo was taken.

Rocky Cut Robbery
On the evening of July 7, 1876, eight members of the gang captured the night guard at Rocky Cut and used his lantern to flag down a train. Once stopped, the gang boarded the train, robbed both safes, then disappeared into the night. Not far from there, the gang stopped to split up the money before riding off in separate directions. Today, that location is marked by a stone in a roadside park just east of Otterville Missouri James Gang Railroad Robbery - Otterville, MO - News Article Locations on Waymarking.com


                              
Tipton Missouri is 14 miles from Otterville Missouri. Could the photo below have been taken before or after the Rocky Cut Robbery? It's worth noting that the men in the mystery photo, are clothed only in their vests and shirts. A good Indication that the temperature was quite warm on the day that this photo was taken.                                                                                                                                                    


This "controversial image" is from the Cantey Meyers collection and is purported to be of Frank James, Tom Sparks, Bob Younger, Cole Younger and Jesse W. James at the Tipton Train Depot during the 1870's. A basic search of the internet revealed some possible photos of the depot. But further investigation is needed.                                                                                                                                                          
                       Said to be (Left to right) Frank James, Tom Sparks, Bob Younger, 
                            Cole Younger and Jesse James Photo said to be from 
                                     the Grand Daughter of Tom Sparks

THE ROCKY CUT TRAIN ROBBERY.

"Seven months elapsed after the Muncie robbery before the desperate brigands, under the leadership of Jesse James, made another attempt to increase
[Pg 88]
 their ill-gotten gains. But in the meantime the band of highwaymen was increasing and organizing for another bold stroke. Many outlaws who had found safety in the Indian Nation were anxious to attach themselves to the James and Younger brothers, but very few were received. The noted bandits were excellent judges of human nature, and they were exceedingly careful not to repose confidence in any one who did not possess indisputable evidence of cunning and bravery; men who, in the event of capture, would not betray their comrades at any sacrifice. In July, 1876, arrangements were completed for rifling another treasure-laden train and the Missouri Pacific Railroad was chosen as the line for their operations.

About one mile east of Otterville, a small station in Pittis county, is a place called Rocky Cut, which is a deep stone cleft, from which the train emerges only to strike the bridge across Otter creek. On the

[Pg 89]

 south side of the cut is a heavy wood, and in this the robbers concealed themselves to await the train which was not due there until nearly midnight. A watchman was stationed at the bridge, whom Charlie Pitts and Bob Younger arrested and, after taking his signal lantern and placing it in the track at the bridge approach, they securely tied the helpless fellow and then joined the main party. Hobbs Kerry and Bill Chadwell were detailed to watch the horses and keep them prepared for sudden flight.

As the train came dashing through the cut the engineer saw the danger signal and at once concluded something was wrong with the bridge, and he lost no time in having the brakes set and the engine reversed. The train came to a stop directly in the cut, and as it slowed up seven of the dare-devils leaped upon the cars and with one at each door, the robbers had no trouble in so intimidating the passengers as to prevent attack. Jesse James, the boldest of the bold, was the first to enter the express car, followed by Cole Younger. At the mouth of two heavy navy pistols the messenger was forced to open the safe, which contained fifteen thousand dollars in bank notes. This money was hastily thrown into a sack, and the shrill whistle was given by Jesse, which was the signal for the bandits to leave the train and mount. No effort was made to rob or harm any of the passengers, the single purpose of the bandits, agreed upon before the attack, was to secure only the valuables of the express.

[Pg 90]

When the train reached Tipton, report of the robbery was telegraphed to every station along the line, and also to St. Louis and Kansas City, and from these points all over the country."

-From The Border Bandits by J.W. Buel

Thursday, October 1, 1885

"The Clarksburg (Ohio) Sun has published a long statement to the effect that Jesse James had been seen in that city by parties who were personally acquainted with him during the war. They claim that the corpse buried on the Samuels’ farm was not Jesse James, but that the Fords were induced to kill a substitute. The whole affair reads like fiction, and the average Missourian will be loathe to believe that the outlaw, Jesse James, has not been in his grave the past three years. The fact that these old friends, who recognized him, did not have the courage to step up and speak to him, is evident proof that their reputed recognition was deceptive and that the job put up on the reporter was a signal success."

-Compiled by Becky Holloway "A Glance at The Past"

From the James Birthplace Museum

In late April 1884 Tipton, Missouri gave a “grand demonstration & rousing reception” to Frank James, his wife & son, who arrived by train accompanied by Sheriff Rogers of Cooper County, MO. A Tipton Times reporter noted that Frank, although “very weary from long travel was very kind & polite, answering questions with an obliging courtesy.” The family & sheriff then checked in at The Tipton House for an overnight stay.

-Jesse James Birthplace Museum




                            

                                               

                               

For a town which had been surveyed only a few months earlier, Tipton, Missouri, began life with a creditable little bang on October 9, 1858. That was the day the first Overland Mail stage arrived, twenty-three days and four hours out of San Francisco—a day that marked the beginning of regular mail service across the continent. Tipton was 160 miles west of St. Louis at the end of the Pacific Railroad, and from this tiny dot on the map, mail and passengers from the West were put aboard the trains to St. Louis, Cincinnati, and New York, completing a transcontinental journey in approximately four weeks. What had once been a fantastic dream was now a reality, and the occasion did not go unnoticed in the press -https://www.americanheritage.com/great-days-overland-stage

The first train arrived in Tipton on July 26, 1858. By September, Tipton was the western terminus of the Butterfield Overland Mail Stage to San Francisco. Population quickly grew and Tipton became the site for hotels, livery stables, grocery stores, dry goods stores, a restaurant and saloons. - https://tiptonmo.org/history/

An aerial photo of Tipton Missouri    

Railroad history fans celebrate this month about not only Missouri but the small town of Tipton and their role in our national intercontinental railroad system.

On this date, July 26th: “......1858 the Pacific Railroad was completed at Tipton, Missouri.” What does the Pacific Railroad have to do with Missouri? Everything, because these were the last 160 miles of the Pacific Railroad coming from St. Louis making Tipton the “end of the line" in western Missouri. Tipton had also emerged as the eastern terminus of the Overland U.S. mail by stagecoach from San Francisco. For a time, both mail and passengers transferred from stagecoach to the Pacific Railroad at Tipton for the run to St. Louis by rail. The Pacific Railroad was the former company that became the Missouri Pacific Railroad. Ground was broken in 1851 and the first section of track, the first five miles, completed in 1852. But St. Louis investors began completing their vision of not only the first railroad west of the Mississippi, but also one that would extend all the way to the Pacic Ocean. The company was reorganized by 1872 as the Missouri Pacific Railroad, also known as the MoPac.

The legacies that the MoPac has left in national shipping is extensive. These include being rail for the Amtrak passenger route between Kansas City and St. Louis. Notable investors and engineers are important namesakes. John O’Fallon was an investor in the 1850 partnership, and is the namesake for both O’Fallon, Illinois and O’Fallon, Missouri. In addition, James P. Kirkwood, was a renowned engineer for the MoPac and is the namesake for Kirkwood, Missouri.

-Missouri State Museum

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Photo courtesy of HMdb.org 
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